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“To be old is one thing, to be old and a victim is another. An entirely new category of person—someone vulnerable, helpless, unable to cope. Little more than a baby. What worried Aldous most was how eager people were to see him in this way. What, apart from the numerical accumulation of years, had happened to him to bring about this change?”

Aldous Rex Llewellyn Jones, an elderly widower living alone, has nothing to look forward to. A former art teacher now living an isolated life inside a house for which he takes as little care as he does for his personal  hygiene, Aldous avoids contact with the outside world, even with his own children. One son lives in Belgium, another lives in the Venezuelan jungle with his Icabaru wife and child, and a daughter Juliette, a reporter for the London Evening News, has her own life. It is not until he opens a cupboard and discovers that a forgotten bag of potatoes has sprouted and taken over the entire inside of one drawer that he has his epiphany—”Some old potatoes in his cupboard were more actively interested in life than he was.”

His garden is in the same state of wild neglect, and it is only a short step for Aldous to imagine that the garden might one day soar over the rooftop and embrace all four walls of his house, while the potato tubers fill his rooms. He envisions expiring and the firemen having to saw through tree roots and thickets of plum trees to find the door, then opening it to find a skeleton with potato tubers growing out of his eye sockets.

Sardonic and filled with darkly humorous imagery, A Curious Earth, by Man Booker finalist Gerard Woodward, is an old-fashioned novel, more an extended character study and meditation on aging than a traditional plot-based novel. Very much in the style of British authors Elizabeth Taylor (Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont), Molly Keane (Time after Time), and Alice Thomas Ellis (Pillars of Gold), whose sly humor and pointed observations about people and society make their novels such wry delights to read, Woodward also creates in Aldous a character who is so universal in his concerns and needs that the reader cannot help but empathize with him, even when he is being impossibly self-absorbed.

When Aldous goes to see The Winter’s Tale, he befriends some of the young people there, and soon he begins visiting the National Gallery, where he is fascinated by Rembrandt’s painting of Hendrickje Stoffels, his young mistress. The possibilities of an old man enjoying life with young people, and especially a young woman, offer Aldous new hope, and when his son Julian, living in Ostend, Belgium, invites him to come for a visit, Aldous, looking forward to new scenery and new opportunities, goes with his eyes open. Unfortunately, he forgets to keep his mouth closed. On the ferry, the ferocious gale winds blow his teeth overboard just as he is about to start his new adventure.

In Ostend Aldous meets “the most beautiful woman he has ever seen,” who turns out to be a fellow artist, and his dalliance with her proves that “true love” can conquer all, even for a toothless old man–at least temporarily. Before long he is also befriended by Herman Lorre, “the greatest sexologist of the twentieth century” and begins partying with Julian and his friends. Rejuvenated, he begins night classes upon his return to England, and is soon drawn to another younger woman with whom he can share his interest in galleries, plays, and music.

Throughout the novel, Aldous misreads signals and invests far more emotionally in his relationships than do his new friends. Life starts to become interesting for him, and then becomes devastating, over and over again, as Aldous learns the hard way that life takes work, just as the potato tuber must work to keep on growing in the darkness of a closed drawer, feeding on itself. As the novel develops and Aldous continues to see “human contact as the only thing keeping him from death,” he seeks new friends and reconnects with old ones. Always, however, he is surprised at how incomprehensible the lives of other people seem to be, even more so when he views them through the bottom of a bottle.

As Aldous deals with the minutiae of life, turning each step and each decision into a major event, the reader sees that for an elderly man like Aldous the minutiae of life often are his whole life, and that a man who has let life happen to him is like the baby he fears he has become—”vulnerable, helpless, and unable to cope”—though his hopes and dreams may be the same as they were in middle age.

With his unique imagery and eye for the ironic or bizarre detail, Woodward makes Aldous, his friends, and his daily life come vividly to life in this quiet, unpretentious novel. He uses dark humor to make observations about age which are sharp and memorable. Though there are moments of profound sadness, there are also moments of hope for Aldous’s belated self-awareness and enlightenment. Woodward never descends into pathos or sentimentality, reminding the reader that life is often absurd and that ironies can be found and appreciated even in the most difficult situations. Readers who enjoy character studies—especially older readers who may identify with Aldous or see their friends in some of his behavior—and those who appreciate black humor—will delight in the irreverence with which Woodward approaches the subject of old age.  (This novel is the top of my Favorites List for 2008.)

ALSO by Woodward:  LETTERS FROM AN UNKNOWN WOMAN (NOURISHMENT), A CURIOUS EARTH, VANISHING, and      AUGUST (link to Amazon review).

Notes: The author’s photo is from http://www.dailymail.co.uk

The overgrown and neglected garden, which Aldous imagines might “one day soar over the rooftop and embrace all four walls of his house,” is seen on http://mowersgarden.blogspot.com

When Aldous visits the National Gallery,  fascinated by Rembrandt’s painting of Hendrickje Stoffels, his young mistress.  This Rembrandt painting is shown on http://www.wikigallery.org

The photo of Ostend, Belgium, is on http://europeforvisitors.com

Note: If you have not read both The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo and The Girl Who Played with Fire, the first two books of this trilogy, you might not want to read this review.  This book begins where the final scenes of The Girl Who Played With Fire end, and it is impossible to discuss this book without referring to that ending.

“No matter how improbable it might seem, there really was a conspiracy inside  S. I. S. [Sapo, the Swedish security police], and a number of individuals were acting outside of, or parallel to, regular operations.  Because this had been going on for many years–at least since 1976, when Zalachenko arrived in Sweden–it had to be organized and sanctioned from the top.  Exactly how high up the conspiracy went he had no idea.”

The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets’ Nest is a fine conclusion to the Millenium Trilogy, tying up the loose ends that have carried over for three novels and kept viewers around the world panting for the next installment.  Though the novel is complex, it is the best and most exciting of the three–and highly rewarding since it builds on all the action that has gone before, further developing the characters we have come to love.  Lisbeth Salander, the focus of all three novels, is hospitalized and kept in isolation for virtually the entire six hundred pages here, but she is a looming presence throughout, and when it becomes clear that she will have to face trial for some of the murders in The Girl Who Played With Fire, Mikael Blomqvist, a mentor, finds a way to unleash her formidable, secret skills as a hacker.

Lisbeth has a form of autism which isolates her and prevents her from trusting and making emotional contact with those around her, even those who clearly want to help her.  She refuses to have any contact with Blomqvist, the investigative journalist and founder of Millenium Magazine with whom she once had an affair and with whom she worked as a computer expert.  He does not know why she will not speak to him, though he is still fond of her and still keeps all her secrets, even from his sister, Annika Giannini, the advocate who will be defending her against murder charges. She has formidable problems with anger as a result of her confinement to a mental institution from the age of twelve to fourteen on the recommendation and evaluation of famed psychiatrist Dr. Peter Treborian.  He is actively working to have her recommitted, this time because of the violence with which she has been recently involved.   Her father, Alexander Zalachenko, aka Karl Alex Bodin, a Russian defector during the Cold War who is also a vicious sadist, is recovering from wounds just two rooms down from Lisbeth at Sahlgrenska Hospital in Goteborg.  Lisbeth has already tried to kill him once, and she still hopes to have her revenge for his crimes against her and her mother.

As Blomqvist investigates the circumstances surrounding the crimes in which Lisbeth has been involved, he is absolutely certain that she should never have been committed to the mental institution at all, and the persistent efforts of the “establishment” to have her recommitted are red flags to him.  Why, he wonders, do they care so much about her, and why was it so important that she be committed to a secure psychiatric facility at the age of twelve?  He is hoping to find the answers so that he can publish a book about the crimes against her.

Several other organizations are also investigating these crimes–and Lisbeth herself:  the Goteborg Police, who were called to a bloody rural scene where Salander and Zalachenko needed hospitalization; the Stockholm Police who are investigating other crimes involving both;  Richard Ekstrom, a prosecutor who has already declared Salander to be “a vicious psychopath” and who believes his own reputation is on the line;  the Swedish Security Police (Sapo), for whom Zalachenko once worked; and a very special group, the “Section for Special Analysis,” a tiny group spun off from Sapo which is virtually unknown except to its own few members.   This latter group operates above the law and is of the greatest concern–their very existence so secret that it can be ascertained only by the process of elimination, their members loyal to the group rather than to any other entity.  “We’re the ones who don’t exist,” one member notes.

Larsson spends the first two hundred pages setting the scene, revisiting the action of the previous two books and reminding the reader who is who among the large cast of characters, some with similar names.  The action is vivid and detailed, and as the makeup of the Section for Special Analysis unfolds and glimpses of governments past and present emerge, the reader discovers that people once thought to be part of one group are actually part of another, some of them continuing to hold down more than one position.   Intrigue in the private lives of the characters and within Millenium Magazine, Svenska Morgon Posten, (Sweden’s largest daily newspaper), Milton Security, the legal system, the police, and the government’s security organizations, keeps the reader constantly challenged to keep track of the details which make this novel so satisfying.    The final resolution is a bittersweet experience–hugely rewarding because the important issues are resolved, but immensely sad because there will be no more books in the series.  A grand finale to a terrific series.

Notes: The author’s photo appears on:  http://www.cbc.ca

ALSO reviewed here:  THE GIRL WITH THE DRAGON TATTOO and  THE GIRL WHO PLAYED WITH FIRE.

By David Lagercrantz:  THE GIRL IN THE SPIDER’S WEB,     THE GIRL WHO TAKES AN EYE FOR AN EYE,     THE GIRL WHO LIVED TWICE

The Swedish films made from these books are also reviewed here:  THE GIRL WITH THE DRAGON TATTOO (FILM).       THE GIRL WHO PLAYED WITH FIRE (FILM),       THE GIRL WHO KICKED THE HORNET’S NEST (FILM)

Jane Gardam–OLD FILTH

“Betty and I were what is called ‘Empire Orphans.’  We were handed over to foster parents at four or five and didn’t see our parents for at least four years.  We had bad luck…If you’ve not been loved as a child, you don’t know how to love a child.  You need prior knowledge…I was not loved after the age of four and a half.  Think of being a parent like that.'”

Sir Edward Feathers, known as “Old Filth,” is, ironically, “spectacularly …ostentatiously clean.”  His nickname derives from the fact that as a lawyer, he “Failed In London, Tried Hongkong.”  A “Raj Orphan,” Filth is a child of British civil servants of the Empire in Malaya.  Like other Raj children, he is sent back to England, alone, at the age of five or six, to begin school in a country he’s never seen among people he does not know.  For Filth, the alienation is tripled–his mother died when he was born;  his father, suffering from shellshock and alcoholism, ignored him; and, living in the longhouse with the servants, he saw himself as Malay, more familiar with that language and culture than his own.

Gardam writes a powerful character study of this intriguing character whose fate it was “always to be left and forgotten.”  Now in his early eighties and living in Dorset, his wife dead, he reminisces about the past and hints at some terrible event that took place when he was eight, living in Wales with Ma and Pa Didds, who took care of him and two young cousins.

The narrative moves gracefully between present and past, following the life of Filth as he attends school in England, becomes part of his best friend’s family, gets caught between cultures when World War II breaks out, begins his London law career, and, eventually, “tries Hongkong.”  Now, at the end of his life, he is in Dorset, aware that he has never really known love and has never had a home, and equally aware that he must now reach out, deal with his memories, and take control of his life if he is ever to find peace.

Gardam’s supplementary characters appear and reappear throughout Filth’s reminiscences—his wife Betty, more a friend than a lover;  his best friend Pat Ingoldby, whose family “adopted” him;  his two cousins, who survived his childhood caretaker Ma Didds with him;  his golf-obsessed aunts who ignore him; and Veneering, a man he and Betty knew in Malaya, who becomes his neighbor in Dorset.  Gradually, Filth reveals his secrets and his fears, while maintaining his elegant outward reserve, and the reader empathizes with this man, a product of his culture forced to fend for himself from the age of five.

Sophisticated and subtle, this novel, shortlisted for the Orange Prize in 2005, is also compulsively readable with its poignant scenes and ironic humor.  Filth, for all his class-consciousness, is likeable and often earnest, and he engages the reader’s emotions from the outset.  His late-in-life questions about whether his life has had meaning are especially moving—and universal.  (On my Favorites List for 2006)

ALSO by Gardam:   The Old Filth Trilogy:  OLD FILTH,  THE MAN IN THE WOODEN HAT and   LAST FRIENDS.

Separate novels:   THE PEOPLE OF PRIVILEGE HILL,    THE QUEEN OF THE TAMBOURINE ,     GOD ON THE ROCKS,        CRUSOE’S DAUGHTER,      A LONG WAY FROM VERONA,     THE FLIGHT OF THE MAIDENS

Photos, in order: The author’s photo accompanies a review of Old Filth by Paula Gray in the New York Times:  http://www.nytimes.com

 

Perhaps Filth lived in a cottage similar to one of these Dorset cottages.  http://thundafunda.com

John Banville–THE SEA

Note: This novel was WINNER of the Booker Prize in 2005.

“My life seemed to be passing before me, not in a flash as it is said to do for those about to drown, but in a sort of leisurely convulsion, emptying itself of its secrets and its quotidian mysteries in preparation for the moment when I must step into the black boat on the shadowed river with the coin of passage cold in my already coldening hand.”

Booker Prize-winning author John Banville presents a sensitive and remarkably complete character study of Max Morden, an art critic/writer from Ireland whose wife has just died from a lingering illness.  Seeking solace, Max has checked into the Cedars, a now dilapidated guest-house in the seaside village of Ballyless, where he and his family had spent summers when he was a child.  In those days Max had spent hours in the company of the Graces, a wealthy family whose children, twins Chloe and Myles, became his constant companions. Images of foreboding suggest that some tragedy occurred while he was there, though the reader discovers only gradually what it might have been.  Now renting a room at the Cedars for an indefinite stay, Max broods about the nature of life, love, and death, relives earlier times, and tries to reconcile his memories, some of which are incomplete and imperfect, with the reality of his present, sad life.

As Max probes his memories, he reveals his state of mind and most intimate feelings, constantly questioning the accuracy of his memory, and juxtaposing his distant memories of Ballyless with his recent memories in which his wife Anna’s “inappropriate” illness was diagnosed and her futile treatments begun.  Through flashbacks, he also introduces us to his earlier married life with Anna and his fervent hopes that through her he could become someone more interesting.  “I was always a distinct no-one, whose fiercest wish was to be an indistinct someone,” he says, confessing that he saw her as “the fairground mirror in which all my distortions would be made straight.”

At the Cedars, his companion now is not the Graces but a pathetic “colonel” from Belfast, a dull, little man trying to woo Miss Vavasour, the manager.  Max, desiring solitude but feeling lonely, looks for solace in alcohol and in trips to the pub, occasionally with the colonel, but he is at loose ends, spending much time contemplating philosophical questions.  “The past, I mean the real past,” he says, “matters less than we pretend,” and he admits that for him, “Being here [at the Cedars] is just a way of not being anywhere.”  Finding no solace or satisfaction from philosophy or religion, he comments that “Given the world that he created, it would be an impiety against God to believe in him.”

A real “Tiepolo sky,” from “An Allegory with Venus and Time”

As his stay lengthens, he begins to worry that “I am becoming my own ghost,” but he continues to think about Chloe, his first love (after he abandoned his crush on her mother) and about Myles, her mute twin, as the three of them practiced swimming, explored sexuality and love, and tried to figure out the world as they saw it.  He muses about Anna, his wife, in whom “I had my first experience of the absolute otherness of other people,” but he also notes that these people vanish from memory and cannot be recalled with clarity when they are out of sight, and he comes to no important recognition of memory as a soothing force in his life.

More a meditation than a novel with a strong plot, The Sea brings Max to life (as limited as his life is), recreating his seemingly simple, yet often profound, thoughts in language which will startle the reader into recognition of their universality. To some extent an everyman, Max speaks to the reader in uniquely intimate ways. In breathtaking language, filled with emotional connotations, he captures nature in perfect images, e. g., drawing parallels between broken eggs in a bird’s nest when he was a child, and Anna in her illness, “as full and frail as an ostrich egg.”  As an art lover, he also interprets life through art–“a Tiepolo sky,” a hair-washing scene reminiscent of Duccio and Picasso, a death scene similar to something by Gericault and de la Tour. He objectifies his thoughts about memory through Pierre Bonnard’s many portraits of “Nude in the Bath,” paintings of Bonnard’s wife in which she remains a young girl, even when she is seventy years old. Images of the bath and the sea pervade the novel–cleansing, combined with the ebb and flow of life.

One of Bonnard’s “Nude in the Bath” series

An ordinary man in his late fifties or early sixties engaging in interior battles with personal demons may not appeal to readers who prefer snappy dialogue and action plots. But other readers, especially those who may have faced the deaths of family or friends and recognized the limitations of memory, may recognize in Max a kindred spirit.  I have rarely read such a short book so slowly—or reread with pleasure so many passages of extraordinary beauty and import—and I felt a connection with Max that I have never felt before in any of Banville’s previous novels.  Intimate and personal, this is one of the few books that I have immediately re-read upon completing it.  (On my All-Time Favorites List)

ALSO by John Banville:  THE UNTOUCHABLE,     THE INFINITIES,   ANCIENT LIGHT,    SHROUD,    APRIL IN SPAIN

Many of. John Banville’s mysteries are written under the pen name of Benjamin Black.  Those are listed in the ‘Titles” section under the name of Benjamin Black.

 

Notes: The author’s photo at the Booker Prize ceremony is from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4319734.stm   at the National Gallery in London: http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk

One of the Bonnard “Nude in the Bath” series:  http://www.usc.edu/schools/annenberg/asc/projects/comm544/library/images/749.html

“Everywhere you looked there was unfinished business and unanswered questions. He had always imagined that when you died there was a last moment when everything was cleared up for you—the business finished, the questions answered, the lost things found—and you thought, ‘Oh, right, I understand, and then you were free to go into the darkness of the light. But it had never happened when he died (briefly, he heard Dr. Foster say), so perhaps it never would. Everything would remain a true mystery.”

Involving the reader from the suspenseful opening pages, Kate Atkinson’s third Jackson Brodie novel is not a traditional mystery. Instead, it is a novel which grows out of the terrible traumas that children and young people must endure when people they love die violently. So marked are they by their sudden tragedies, that they never really escape their pasts, and may spend the rest of their lives wondering “when will there be good news.”

Five separate plot lines evolve and occasionally overlap here, and in each of these plots the main characters are all needy people hiding an inner loneliness from which they would like to escape. Joanna Mason is only six years old when her father abandons the family in rural Devon and returns to London, but this trauma is just a prelude to the disaster which follows soon after, the murder of her mother, eight-year-old sister, and her baby brother in a slashing attack while they are walking. Joanna, heeding her mother’s screams to run, escapes into a nearby wheat field from which she is later rescued. Thirty years later, Joanna Mason Hunter is a physician living in Edinburgh, the happily married mother of a one-year-old whom she adores, a woman who appears to have it all. She seems to have put her past to rest, and no one connects her to the earlier murders in Devon. Unfortunately, the murderer of her family is about to be released from jail.

Joanna’s “mother’s help” is Reggie Chase, a sixteen-year-old who is an orphan fending for herself in a rundown apartment that she shares on occasion with her delinquent brother, whose illegal activities create constant friction. Reggie adores taking care of Joanna’s baby, helping around the house, and being surrounded with the kind of love Joanna expresses so easily, and she would love to live with Joanna, who has no idea that the “mother” Reggie describes as vibrantly alive, does not, in fact, exist.

Jackson Brodie, a former police detective who has been working “in security” in recent years, and who has been a lead character in Atkinson’s earlier novels–Case Histories and One Good Turn–is now married for the third time—to a curator at the British Museum—and estranged from his twelve-year-old daughter from a previous marriage. He is also prohibited from seeing the two-year-old he believes to be his son with his former girlfriend, who has now married. While working on a case in England, he takes the wrong train and ends up in Edinburgh, where he is terribly injured in a train crash near the house where Reggie Chase is staying, and there their lives begin to connect.

Atkinson’s narrative speeds along, enhanced by her skillful pacing as she introduces new elements and surprises to her myriad plot lines, and she is especially adept at creating understanding and empathy for her characters, each of whom is individualized. By recreating the early lives of each of them through flashbacks, and comparing and contrasting those past lives with their present lives, the reader comes to “know” the characters, and despite the huge cast, will have little trouble keeping them all straight. The characters, though superficially quite different from each other, are connected thematically by their neediness and by their yearning for loving relationships. Eventually, they are also all connected through the plot’s complications and mysteries. Ironies abound, and mistaken identities create some bizarre and sometimes darkly humorous scenes.

As one might expect from the large number of characters and plot lines, coincidence plays an important role in resolving the novel in dramatic fashion, and though no one will believe that these twists and turns are truly realistic, they are great fun and completely consistent with the ebullient story-telling that Atkinson has made her signature. After all, as Atkinson says, “Coincidence is just an explanation waiting to happen.” As the novel winds down and the characters muse about their fates, Atkinson cleverly leaves a few issues open, giving her a wedge into follow-up novels involving Jackson Brodie and one or more other characters.  (On my Favorites List for 2008)

Notes: The author’s photo appears on her Amazon author page:  http://www.amazon.com

Jackson Brodie has now appeared in three Atkinson novels, and it has recently been announced that a new TV series will begin in England with Jason Isaacca playing the role of Jackson Brodie.  See his photo above and a brief story here:  http://eurocrime.blogspot.com

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