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“Old ladies who lived next to serial killers for years always tell the papers what a ‘wonderful normal boy’ he was. You refuse to believe in the presence of evil and go searching for the good ‘at the bottom of the soul.’ Me and Rosie, we know better now. If there’s black tar in that well, you won’t find fresh flowers when you drain it.”

Darling Jim has every characteristic that I usually avoid in novels–it’s melodramatic, gothic, completely unrealistic, filled with horror and romance and magic, and over-the-top with coincidence, bloody medieval battles, and men turning into wolves. And I loved every minute of it! From the opening pages to the absolutely perfect (and perfectly outrageous) ending, I was engrossed, smiling at the author’s deliberate manipulation of my feelings, his unembarrassed use of well-worn plot devices, and his comic book style of narrative which kept the action coming and coming and coming—a book to be read for pure, unadulterated fun!

Written by Danish author Christian Moerk, who breaks “the rules” at the outset by setting the novel in Ireland, not Denmark, or any of the other places he has lived, the novel winningly captures the spirit of Ireland’s story-telling tradition, with its mysteries, its spirit world, and its fascination with knaves. Four story-tellers—the narrator, two writers who tell stories from beyond the grave through their diaries, and a mysterious central character, who is a traditional Irish storyteller (a seanchai), keep the excitement high and the reader constantly “suspending disbelief” to get to the conclusions of their various stories.

The novel begins when an elderly postman from Malahide peeks through the mail slot while on his route and sees the murdered body of a woman with whom he occasionally had a cup of coffee. The gardai discover two more bodies upstairs–young women who appear to have starved to death inside a locked room. Evidence suggests that a third young woman, now missing, once lived in the basement. Young Niall Cleary, who replaces the distraught postman at the office, finds a thick “letter” from Fiona Walsh, one of the young victims, in the local dead letter bin. Addressed to “anyone at all, post office,” the letter is actually Fiona’s diary, detailing the three months she and her sister were captives of their aunt Moira, also dead, and the reason: “We loved a man named Jim without knowing his true nature.”

Niall, dismissed from his job for not minding his own business, travels from Malahide to Castletownbere, where the major events leading to a series of past tragedies have taken place. Here in this small town on the wild and windy Beara Peninsula of southwest Ireland, he not only learns more about the lives of Fiona, her sister Roisin, and Roisin’s twin Aoife, but also about Jim Quick, the storyteller who is at the heart of the novel. Jim has traveled throughout the area, telling one chapter of a story here and the next chapter in another town, and women of all ages have fallen instantly in love under his spell, many of them following him from town to town.  Jim was “a force of nature there’s no name for yet.”

It is in Castletownbere that Niall is eventually able to find and read Roisin’s diary, similar to Fiona’s in many ways, but adding greatly to the story of Jim Quick. Roisin also describes the story which Jim tells in his travels throughout the Beara peninsula, a story which begins in Ireland in 1177 A.D., and features tales of battles, civil war, and the role of Prince Euan, who killed his much braver brother Ned. Euan was a sadist with a fetish about wolves, and he killed hundreds of them, collecting their heads–so many, in fact, that his castle became known as the Fort of the Wolf. As Jim’s story about Prince Euan starts to overlap with the recent crimes in Castletownbere, the several narratives begin to come together, and history and myth begin to be reconciled with the modern mysteries and murders.

Moerk’s two diary writers are hip, smart-alecky young women who are well individualized. Fiona, the eldest, is an elementary school teacher about to be married to Finbar, a successful local man. Roisin is a goth who spends hours on her CB radio, a woman who is warned by “Gatekeeper” on the CB that “If he speaks to you about love, run for your life.” Aoife, Roisin’s twin, is the strongest of all the sisters, a woman who rides a motorcycle and shows no fear of Jim or anyone else, a woman who mysteriously vanishes for three years.  As the book comes to a close, there is no doubt that the author will tie up all the loose ends and resolve the action to the satisfaction of his readers.

Darling Jim is a unique book in the sense that it is written with the straightforward energy of young adult fiction, but it is written, with all its bells and whistles and magic, for adults—much like an adult comic book.  Over-the-top in its sensational action, the novel succeeds in persuading readers to abandon their preconceived notions about likes and dislikes in fiction and simply yield to the story, in part because the author’s prose style is mature–and effective.  Not a word is out of place as author Christian Moerk creates his magic and weaves his spell, bringing to life a character who epitomizes the idea that “happy maidens dancing with leprechauns and fairies on the green meadows of our peaceful emerald island are a load of shite.”

Photos, in order: The author’s photo from his website:  http://www.christianmoerk.com/ Double click on the photo for a terrific story on how the book came to be written.  Fiona’s Diary and Bronagh’s Confessional are also depicted.

A Malahide cottage, perhaps the one featured in the novel, is shown here:  http://www.let.ie.

MacCarthy’s Bar in Castletownbere, shown here, may have been one of the ones visited by Jim as he told stories throughout the Beara Peninsula. http://www.visitbereisland.com

“It wasn’t just an exercise.  Time travel, I decided, cried out to become a regular pastime.  I should campaign for it.  ‘Infinitely more liberating,’ I would call from the rooftops, ‘than all this nonsense about the burning of your bras!’ ”

I cannot claim to be one of the people that author Stephen Benatar has greeted at London bookstores and persuaded to read one of his novels, though his career-long commitment to the self-publishing and self-publicizing of his books has certainly made him many friends and earned him many readers.  Instead, halfway around the world, I received this book from an astute British friend, who knows how much I enjoy the dark British comedies written in the 1980s by writers like Jane Gardam, Alice Thomas Ellis, Molly Keane, Muriel Spark, and Barbara Pym.  These authors, however, were fortunate to have found major publishers who brought their often-satiric, sometimes twisted little comedies about odd characters to public attention, wide acclaim, and significant sales. Stephen Benatar, whose work is certainly the equal of these other writers, received wide acclaim and prize nominations when his first two novels (including this one, his second) were published in the early 1980s.  His books did not catch on with the public, however, and for the past thirty years, he has been self-publishing and hand-selling his books in bookshops around London, where he purportedly sells fifty to a hundred books at each weekend reading.  With the recent re-publication of this novel by the New York Review of Books in 2010, Benatar, now seventy-three, may finally be on the road to finding the audience he has worked so hard for, and the screen rights for this novel have recently been sold. Nominated for the Booker Prize in 1982, when it was first published in London, Wish Her Safe at Home is a startling novel with an even more startling main character, Rachel Waring, a forty-seven-year-old woman who has a dead end job, a cynical roommate, and no friends.  Brought up by an overbearing mother whose sense of “correct behavior” seems to have ruined any chances Rachel might have had for a happy life, she is lonely and repressed, with absolutely no understanding of how to meet and make connections with strangers.  On one occasion on a train, she tries to open a conversation with a man reading in the seat across from her: “Do you mind if I talk to you for a moment?  I’ve just read the most frightful description of a hanging, drawing, and quartering, and I’m afraid I can’t stop reliving it.”  At a christening, later in the book, she begins chatting with an attractive young man by asking, out of the blue, “If this were an invasion of the body snatchers, would you be one of the bodies or one of the snatchers?” Benatar wisely lets Rachel tell her own story, creating a classic novel in which the reader identifies with Rachel because she is so pathetic and earnest about her needs and disappointments, at the same time that it is impossible not to recognize how far from “ordinary” Rachel really is in her thinking.  Every event here is filtered through Rachel’s own mind, and when she becomes the sole beneficiary of her elderly Aunt Alicia’s Georgian home in Bristol, she decides to leave London, asserting:  “Bristol was going to treat me well, provide me with a new start.”  Once ensconced in the old house, which she refurbishes and refurnishes, she becomes a “new woman,” buying a red dress, flirting with the vicar, revealing vivid sexual fantasies about the handsome young man who works in her garden, and spending lavishly from her savings on things that make her happy. It is not long before the reader realizes that Rachel has serious emotional problems, even as Rachel herself is finding a kind of happiness that she has never known before.  As she reminisces about her past and the man with whom she was desperately in love at age twenty-two, her behavior becomes more understandable, though no less bizarre.  Her research on the original builder of the house, Horatio Gavin, an idealistic “champion of the underprivileged” and an associate of William Wilberforce (who led the movement to abolish England’s slave trade), becomes so intriguing to her that she decides to write a book about him, and soon she is imagining herself as “an eighteenth-century Rachel” who soothes the broken heart of Horatio Gavin, whose fiancée has died.  “Sometimes,” she says, “I felt utterly convinced I had been singled out for glory.” Throughout the novel, Rachel sings songs from the past—“If Love Were All,” “Dancing in the Dark,” “Oh, You Beautiful Doll,” and many others, whose romantic lyrics are quoted.  She also remembers the dramatic impression she once made on friends twenty-five years ago when she recited Tennyson’s tragic ballad “The Lady of Shalott.” The interjection of these songs and memories  provides further entrée into Rachel’s psyche and her deterioration. As her voice becomes increasingly confidential and revelatory, the involved reader will recognize with alarm the growing contrast between Rachel as she sees herself and Rachel as she appears to the rest of the world.  This contrast, which Benatar enhances by never intruding upon Rachel’s frayed psyche, provides the drama and emotional connection which good fiction requires.  The reader, inevitably drawn into Rachel’s life, cannot help but be moved by Rachel’s story, even as s/he sees its sad absurdities, its ironies, and its dark humor.

Also by Stephen Benatar, WHEN I WAS OTHERWISE

Photos, in order: The author’s photo and a fascinating feature story about Stephen Benatar appear on http://www.express.co.uk

The most famous house in Bristol (pictured here), a Georgian house built by John Pinney, may have been the model for the house in this novel:  http://www.bristol.gov.uk

William Wilberforce, age twenty-nine in this portrait, is said to have been an associate of Horatio Gavin, who was thirty-two in this story.  The painting is by John Rising.  http://en.wikipedia.org

In this video from Carnegie Hall in 1961, Judy Garland sings “If Love Were All,” the song beloved of Rachel’s Aunt Alicia, which appears on the first page of this novel:

“[Rilke says] that you have to love your solitude and hear the sweetness in the lamentation of the suffering that comes with it.  Because you can’t take anyone there with you….It’s hard to be alone and hard to love and to really love is the hardest thing we have to do, and the most important thing.”

In the second novel of the Copenhagen Quartet to be published in the US, American expatriate Thomas E. Kennedy shows his immense versatility, writing a totally different kind of novel from In The Company of Angels (2010), the first novel of the quartet. In The Company of Angels , which was my favorite novel of 2010, is a powerfully dramatic story of a man who suffered several years of torture under Gen. Augusto Pinochet in Chile before arriving, physically and emotionally ravaged, at a Copenhagen  rehabilitation facility which treats victims of political torture.  The ensuing novel is a study of man’s resilience and the resurgent power of love to heal the spirit.  The novel is almost overwhelming in its tension and in its emotional drama as it deals with a variety of serious themes—love and death, freedom and confinement, and the worldly and the spiritual—as the characters live and recuperate from their traumas in Copenhagen.

In this new novel, Kennedy depicts a different side of Copenhagen in a different style of writing, broadening his overall themes and his images of this city.  Though no less serious in terms of its themes, Falling Sideways focuses on the business world of one company, a world writ small, instead of the world in its grandest terms, thematically.  Though it is sometimes termed a satire, this novel is less a satire than it is a dark commentary on the shallow and self-absorbed lives of the employees of “the Tank” as they navigate the shoals of big business during difficult economic times.  Here Kennedy uses the business framework to establish a set of characters whose business lives become part and parcel of their personal lives, with the two different aspects of their lives so intertwined that the characters fail to grow or even recognize who they really are.  They become, in essence, servants of their jobs and of the social milieu to which they have entrée as a result of their work. They no longer take the time to contemplate, appreciate or experience life’s mysteries, or feel love on anything other than the sexual level.

In fifty-three individual episodes, the most important main characters, who illustrate business stereotypes, gradually come to see the limitations of their lives, and some even prepare to make changes.  Though these characters are quite different from the vibrant and emotionally moving characters of In the Company of Angels, they, too are ultimately dealing with the same themes of love and death, freedom and confinement, and the worldly and the spiritual, though for several of them the emphasis here is primarily on the worldly.  Copenhagen itself becomes the equivalent of a character here, too, as it continues to reveal itself ever more fully as a vibrant force, for better or worse, in the personal lives of its residents.

Over the course of one week in autumn, three men from the Tank and their families reveal their dependence upon their business environment, showing in the process their own intellectual and spiritual limitations, and it is not until they are forced to confront issues of who they really are and where they are going that some of them begin to grow beyond their stereotypical behavior to become truly interesting individuals struggling with life’s realities.  It is the autumn of their lives, physically, emotionally, and spiritually, and they have, as a group, squandered much of their earthly time chasing shadows.

Among the main characters, Frederick Breathwaite, an American in his fifties, has worked for the Tank for many years, the “public face” of the Tank.  He has a devoted wife and a bright twenty-one-year-old son Jes, who has given up college to work for an Afghani refugee at a shop that makes keys and repairs shoes.  Jes has more in common with the shop’s owner, he believes, than he has with other students or his family.  Harald Jaeger, “a born bull- shitter,” has recently received a promotion to a high management position at the Tank.  Divorced from an angry wife, he is a serial philanderer trying to find in sex what he is missing emotionally.  Martin Kampman, the CEO of the Tank, is younger than all of these characters, a man hired to “clean house” and reduce expenses by firing some long-time employees, which he promptly does.  A man with no sensitivity and little conscience, he is the father of Adam Kampman, a seventeen-year-old who finds that he has more in common with the non-conforming Jes Breathwaite and his counterculture life than he has with his parents.

As these characters from three families and different generations interact, they raise questions of honesty and ethics, the need for self-realization, the importance of the spiritual (through religion, philosophy, and literature), and most of all, the importance of true love.    Filled with observations about particular places and institutions in Copenhagen, the novel is also laden with a huge variety of motifs and symbols, many of them associated with literature  (including paraphrases from famous works, especially by Rilke), art (especially sculpture), jazz, the seasons, a ubiquitous  sausage wagon (the operation of which Jes Breathwaite thinks would be a perfect job), and death (including the fear of two now-defunct nuclear power plants, fifteen miles from Copenhagen).  The real names of the two boys, Adam and Isak, have biblical significance, and major themes flit in, out, and through of the lives of characters, who do not always recognize them or their importance.  Kennedy has written an unusual book with multiple main characters, none of whom, at the beginning of the novel, are unique and living full lives. These characters illustrate through their reactions to the situations they face, however, many of the themes which Kennedy has also illustrated in In the Company of Angels, and as these themes unfold in Falling Sideways, some of the characters grow and escape their own limitations, becoming more human and giving the novel a surprising resonance.  An unusual novel, told in an unusual way, to illustrate bigger ideas than first meet the eye.

ALSO by Thomas E. Kennedy:  IN THE COMPANY OF ANGELS,        KENNEDY IN COPENHAGEN, BENEATH THE NEON EGG

Photos, in order: The author’s photo is from his Facebook page.

A recurrent image:  The sausage wagon, Grandpa’s Wieners, in front of the town hall, is from http://www.umamimart.com

The statue of a young man and woman in deep conversation, by Johannes Hansen (see p. 159) is one of many outstanding photos from Copenhagen which appear on http://copenhagendailyphoto.blogspot.com

The two Barseback nuclear power plants, on the tip of Sweden, only fifteen miles from Copenhagen, are no longer used, but there is no word yet on how they will be removed without damage to the environment.  http://www.ydinenergianuoret.fi

“I thought I could banish a little of my mother’s grief by bringing her another son, I believed this kind of thing was possible if one truly loved.  I was foolish enough to believe that if for no good reason God took away those whom one loves, He would offer something else, in compensation.  And this something else, evidently, was David.”

It is hard to imagine anyone reading this novel and not being moved to tears at least once during the action.  Set in Mauritius, where the author grew up, the novel is based on real events that took place during World War II, specifically, the internment of fifteen hundred Jews from Europe who managed to escape their countries as the Nazis took over.  When they finally reached Palestine in 1940, however, they were turned away by the British rulers of the Palestinian Mandate because they lacked the required “papers,”  then put on a rusty old ship and sent to Mauritius, where they were confined to a camp under British rule, almost the equivalent, to many of them, of a concentration camp, though it lacked the “final solution.”  Located in the Indian Ocean, about five hundred miles east of Madagascar, Mauritius became the burial place of three hundred of the men, women, and children who were interned there from 1940 – 1945.

The novel is extremely emotional and powerfully moving—beginning as the story of a seventy-year-old man who has returned to Mauritius with his son, specifically to visit the grave of his best friend, David Stein, who, we learn in the first ten pages, died in 1945 at the age of ten.  The speaker, Raj, of Indian descent, has never been able to come to terms with the circumstances of David’s death, and has blamed himself for many years for his own part in possibly hastening David’s end.  As a child, Raj was shy and lonely, especially after losing both of his brothers in a flash flood, and though he had always been close to his mother, he feared his brutal father, who beat him and his mother.  When fate steps in and makes it possible for Raj to come to know a young Jewish orphan, who is interned in the camp where Raj’s father is a warden, he protects this secret relationship, willing to risk all for David, who has become his “last brother.”

Author Nathacha Appanah tells the story in poetic language of great natural beauty and imagery, and her musical cadences give the novel a flow much like that of an opera.  Beneath the structure of the plot, Appanah creates a kind of religious identification with nature and its power to affect humans.

The prison in Mauritius where Jews were interned

Raj’s mother is an animist, believing in nature’s power to bring about cures through plants, and to even control human life.  She regards the red bird who perches on David’s head when Raj introduces her to him as a natural, benevolent sign from her God.  Raj, however, has also been exposed to the idea of Christmas by the woman for whom his mother does sewing, who has told him about Jesus, and he is intrigued by a savior who loved everyone and wept with the poor, and [had even] performed miracles and walked on water.”  He is not sure why this God allowed his brothers to perish in the raging waters of a stream near their house.  And his friend David exposes him to the ideas of Judaism and the Star of David, though Raj does not know what all this means.  He regards the “star” as a natural phenomenon.

None of these religious beliefs, however, are able to protect Raj from his father’s brutal beatings.  After one particularly horrific beating, suffered when he tries to protect his mother, he is admitted to the hospital at the internment camp where his father works.  Suffering from many cracked and broken bones, he remains there for several days, enjoying his “visits” from David, whom he had met only briefly before that, some visits occurring when he is only semi-conscious.

Jewish Cemetery, Mauritius, 1940 – 1945

“I was convinced,” Raj says, “that he recognized me as soon as he saw me, identified me physically, but also recognized my unhappiness and I felt very calm, as if I were in one of my hiding places, and here no one could take my brothers away from me or do me harm.”  Since David is from Prague, they communicate as well as they can in French, but since neither of them knows French very well, they communicate best through their love of games, something that Raj has missed since the deaths of his brothers.

Appanah goes beyond the typical “coming of age” novel to depict a world of dramatic contrasts—the horrors of a cyclone contrasting with the beauties of the red bird suddenly perching on David’s head, and the brutality of Raj’s father contrasting with the loving kindness of his mother and the willingness of the two boys to sacrifice for each other.   The whole concept of love is explored as a uniquely human characteristic, even when it is sometimes confused with “need,” and the mysteries of the larger world and one’s place in it sometimes remain mysteries, no matter how much one might wish them to be otherwise.

Sensual, emotional, and sometimes reminiscent of Nobel Prize winner J. M. G. Le Clezio’s The Prospector, which is also set in Mauritius, this novel is similar in tone and in its use of romantic images and events to propel the action.  Both novels contain elements of melodrama, with the worst of all possible outcomes occurring again and again, despite the hopes and dreams of their protagonists.  It is in the vibrant characters, with whom readers will identify, that both of these novels escape the negative connotations of most melodramas, and in the case of this novel, in particular, it is difficult to imagine any reader not being moved to tears by many of the events which take place.

Photos, in order: The author’s photo is from http://www.dieselbookstore.com

The photo of the prison camp at Beau-Bassin (in the center of Mauritius) comes from the remarkable website of Heinrich Wellisch, who tells of the problems he and his family faced as they fled Nazi-occupied Austria in an old, overcrowded ship, only to be refused entry to British occupied Palestine, and shipped to Mauritius.   In 1945, Heinrich Wellisch joined the Jewish brigade as part of the British army, serving until 1949.  He and his family now live in Canada.  http://www.jewishtraces.org

The Jewish Cemetery at St. Martin, 1940 – 1945 (on the southern tip of the island), is shown on http://www.maidenheadsynagogue.org.uk

The photo of Mauritius is from http://www.mauritiusottawa.org

THE LAST BROTHER
REVIEW. Book Club Suggestions, Coming-of-age, Historical, Literary, Mauritius
Written by: Nathacha Appanah
Published by: Graywolf Press; Reprint edition (October 25, 2011)
Date Published: 10/25/2011
Edition: Reprint.
ISBN: ASIN: B005VDC1N0
Available in: Ebook Paperback Hardcover

“Whom can I admire…if not you, my brother and my opposite?  Identical in everything and different in everything…I worship my people, my language.  I can only live and breathe here in Hungary, but you travel the world, fly above nations, in freedom, shrieking everlasting revolt.  I need you.  I’m empty and bored without you.  Help me, otherwise I’ll die.”

Written in 1933, but only recently translated into English, Kornel Esti is Hungarian author Dezso Kosztolanyi’s last book, a unique combination of wild romp, thoughtful contemplation of life’s mysteries, and dark commentary on life’s ironic twists. Regarded by the Guardian as “a ringleader in the 20th century flowering of Hungarian literature,” Dezso Kosztolanyi (1885 – 1936), a poet, fiction writer, and journalist, creates a narrator who is also a writer, telling us from the outset that the narrator, now forty, has suddenly decided to contact his oldest friend from childhood.   The two friends are complete opposites—the narrator, timid and repressed, is utterly lacking in confidence, while Esti is outrageous, afraid of nothing, and iconoclastic. In their shared childhood, which the narrator reveals through snippets of reminiscence, Esti urges, “Don’t wash up, stay dirty, hooray for dirt.”  As they grow older, Esti is “forever getting mixed up in escapades” and practical jokes.  As an adult he is a trickster for whom tomorrow never comes, a man who never repays loans, sends anonymous letters, passes out drunk in the street, insults important people, seduces young girls, and lives his life with impunity.

Born on March 29, 1885, the same day and time as both the narrator and author Dezso Kosztolanyi, Kornel Esti also looks just like the narrator and is clearly his alterego, now down on his luck.  When they first reconnect, the narrator tries to rekindle the friendship, but Esti accuses him of being “sentimental, as always.”  The narrator continues to appeal to him, however:  “You have changed, [Kornel].  When we were children, you were the grown-up, you were the leader, you opened my eyes.  Now you’re the child.”  Each has followed his own philosophy and pattern of life as far as he can, and neither one is happy.  The narrator is too staid;  Kornel Esti is out of control.

Since they are both writers, the narrator suggests that they make a deal to write something together.   “Make me whole again,” the narrator begs, “like you used to…Let’s be joint authors.  One man isn’t enough to write and live at the same time.  Those who’ve tried it have all broken down sooner or later…But if we joined forces, Kornel, we might perhaps get somewhere near [wisdom].  Like Night and Day, Reality and Imagination, Ahriman and Ormuzd.”  They agree that Kornel Esti will simply talk about what’s happened to him in his life, a “biography in the form of a novel,” and the narrator will record his observations in shorthand.  It makes no difference whether the episodes are true or not—“A dream is also reality.  If I dream that I’ve been to Egypt, I can write an account of the journey.”  The narrator will record what Esti says, then erase some of it:  Five out of ten of Esti’s images—and epithets—will stay, and the novel will be in fragments, as befits the narrator’s poetic style.  At Esti’s suggestion, the narrator will be listed as author of the book, and Kornel Esti’s name will be the title.  “The title’s in bigger letters,” Esti jokes.

What follows is a series of eighteen episodes, ranging from Kornel Esti’s first day of school, in 1891 (“He was a skinny, anemic little boy, with transparent ears”), through a symbolic tram ride at the end of the novel, a brief chapter in which the narrator/author’s entire philosophy is summed up through Esti’s late-in-life experiences on an overcrowded tram.  In between are moments of high comedy, poignant drama, and shocking cruelty, all reflecting aspects of Esti’s life, either real or imagined, and all contributing to the broad panorama of human existence.  On an early trip to Italy, for instance, Esti experiences the joy of speaking Italian and “escaping from the prison in which he had been confined since birth.”  He swims in the ocean for the first time and finds that a “kiss and that journey had consecrated him for something.”  He visits a town (reminiscent of the writing of Swift) in which everyone speaks only the truth.  (A bookstore advertises a book as “unreadable rubbish” by an “old writer who has gone senile.”)  He visits with his poet friends in coffeehouses in Budapest, comes into a huge inheritance, deals with a mad friend, and learns that “Life has its ups and downs…but let’s add that not only has it ups and downs, it also has deep meaning.”

Eventually, he waxes philosophical—on sleep vs. insomnia, on paranoia vs. schizophrenia, on gentleness as “roughness in disguise,” on the obligations of family, on one’s need to feign interest and sympathy toward the misfortunes of others, and on boredom, even with those to whom one once felt extremely close.  These commentaries are all incorporated neatly within episodes which entertain on the level of story, though the reader has no idea which episodes and their conclusions are real and which are fictional.  And that, perhaps, may be part of what this novel of episodes may be all about.  By blurring the line between reality and fiction, the author raises the question of whether it makes any difference whether events actually happened.  Does actuality make a difference in the truth of the observations and the behavior of the characters?  Is it not possible that imagination can provide as much insight and knowledge as reality?  Ultimately, I found myself re-imagining events and episodes and seeing them in new ways, and I could not get this book out of my head.  For a book that is almost eighty years old, but feels absolutely new and unique, that is an amazing achievement.

Photos, in order: The author’s first photo reflects the image of the author as a young man—timid, repressed, and insecure.  http://nyugat.oszk.hu

The second photo shows the author as “Kornel Esti,” mischievous, even outrageous, and afraid of nothing. http://www.c3.hu

The Central Cafe, where the author and many of his friends gathered in Budapest, is shown here:  http://www.c3.hu

A note on the translation:  Translator Bernard Adams creates an elegant and subtle translation, befitting the ideas of this novel, at the same time that he recognizes the energy and humor of the original.  This translation won a PEN Translation Fund Award in 2009.

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