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“Even when you think you know what the law says, some smart-arse in a wig finds a new wrinkle in an old rule and you watch some sniggering thug waltz out of court.  When the Law is a bouncing ball on a spinning wheel, all that a righteous man can aim for is order.”

Bringing order to Dublin is Garda Detective Inspector Harry Synnott’s specialty. A man married for fifteen years and divorced for six, he is too busy to spend much time with his teenaged son.  His whole life is wrapped up in trying to see that order prevails—either order recognized as justice by the courts or the order that Harry and his Garda officer pals bring about themselves, when their evidence of a felon’s guilt does not meet court standards.

Despite his willingness to ignore the niceties of law, Harry Synnott has a conscience, however, and he is shunned by many of his fellow Gardai because he testified against his fellow officers in the brutal beating of a prisoner.  “It wasn’t the prisoner’s welfare that mattered to Harry Synnott.   What was working away inside his gut was the blatant use of violence…the assumption that membership of the force automatically tied him into that shameless wielding of unbounded power.”

In clear prose which often contains bits of black humor and a great deal of irony, Irish author Gene Kerrigan sets the primary story in Dublin, and the secondary, companion story in Galway, until they overlap.  New information discovered during the Galway case brings about a devastating conclusion which shakes Harry to the depths of his soul.

The Galway story seems simple enough:  Garda Joe Mills and Garda Declan Dockery go to the roof of a pub where a man is threatening suicide.  They save him from suicide only to discover that the man’s clothes are covered in blood.  He will not tell his name, later discovered to be Wayne Kemp, and the only statement he makes is an enigmatic, “I’d never hurt a woman before.”  Kemp’s only connections with Dublin are that he once worked for a Dublin security firm, and that his sister is a Dublin resident, and Kemp is so disturbed that he can provide no useful information for the Galway Gardai.

Garda station, Dublin

In Dublin, Harry Synnott is treading the minefield of police politics, moving from station house to station house, until he is finally recommended for a job with Europol, to start when his current case load is finished.  As the novel moves from a Wednesday to the following Tuesday, the inexorable unfolding of events in several of Synnott’s cases leads to a crisis and grand climax, both in terms of the action and in terms of Synnott’s character.  Synnott and Det. Garda Rose Cheney are investigating allegations of rape and abuse brought by Teresa Hunt against Max Hapgood, the son of a wealthy businessman with top-notch lawyers and public relations people.  As he contemplates the fact that “justice” for the wealthy is far different from that of the poor, Synnott is also trying to get help for Dixie Peyton, a poor junkie, sometimes an informer, who has robbed a tourist couple with a syringe as a weapon.  A businessman with an indeterminate business, having spent weeks monitoring activity at a jewelry shop, commits a robbery and a man dies, and the Irish mob enters the picture, too.  As the details of these cases unfold during the space of one week, one of Synnott’s old cases, the “Swanson Avenue” case, casts its long shadow and eventually raises serious questions about justice, responsibility, and guilt.

The charming streets of Galway

In this intriguing police procedural, Kerrigan keeps the action crisp and fast-paced, with plenty of complications to keep the reader busy.  What makes this novel different from so many of this genre is that he is also outstanding at creating characters with whom the reader develops empathy—Synnott, Dixie Peyton and her son, and eventually Det. Rose Cheney.  Synnott, himself, is likeable and basically good-hearted, but he is busy, and he is easily distracted by events in which he is directly involved.  He fails his ex-wife and son, even as he is trying to help poor junkie Dixie Peyton.  His final recognition of his failings comes dramatically and brutally, and the reader is left to ponder whether he will be able to deal with his self-realization.

Dark and sad in its vision of humanity, even with the bleak humor that is scattered throughout, this dramatic and tense novel questions the relationship between freedom and responsibility, between order and justice, and between principles and expediency.  The title, from a poem by Leonard Cohen, epitomizes Synnott’s dilemma:  “Like a drunk in a midnight choir/ I have tried in my way to be free.”

Notes:  Also reviewed here:  Gene Kerrigan’s  LITTLE CRIMINALS, THE RAGE, and DARK TIMES IN THE CITY

The author’s photo is from http://www.zonelivre.fr

A Dublin garda station may be seen here:  http://ireland.archiseek.com

The wonderful photo of Galway is one of many equally good photos by David Robertson on his website:  http://davidpj.wordpress.com

Jo Nesbo–THE REDBREAST

Note: This novel was WINNER of a contest by Norwegian Book Clubs to determine the Best Mystery/Thriller of All Time.

“Even in so-called democratic countries the weak willingly concede power to an elite which is stronger and wiser than they.  That is just the way it is.  And because we’re all God’s creatures, it is the responsibility of superior beings to ensure that inferior beings submit.”

Norway’s relationship with the Nazis, from World War II to the active neo-Nazi movement of the present day, infuses this thriller with dramatic action scenes which develop increasingly powerful impact as Inspector Harry Hole tries to protect the motorcade of four world leaders who have come to Norway for a conference. President of the United States Bill Clinton, Vladimir Putin of Russia, Yasser Arafat of the PLO, and Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak arrive in Oslo for talks in an atmosphere filled with neo-Nazi speeches and the sensational trial of Sverre Olsen, a neo-Nazi leader, who blames every problem Norway has had since 1945 on enemies of National Socialism.  Olsen is currently urging protection of the Norwegian “race” against Mosque-builders.

Norway’s history during World War II is complex.  Though the country claimed neutrality, they were immediately occupied by Germany in April, 1940, and when the Norwegian royal family fled to England, a puppet government, working with the Nazis, was installed.  In the midst of harsh economic conditions, many young men from Norway were recruited by the Germans to fight on the Eastern Front against their enemies, the Bolsheviks. All these men (and some women who had served as nurses) were tried for treason upon their return to Norway after the war, when the legitimate government was reestablished in 1945.  Most were sentenced to three years in Norwegian prisons.  Upon their release, however, most blended back into the general population, and many of them became successful small businessmen.

The long-term resentments of these now-elderly Norwegian veterans of the Eastern Front who were branded traitors to their country in 1945, combine in 1999 with the ultra-conservative political agendas held by many Norwegian young professionals, and the still-flourishing neo-Nazi party,  all of which join to create an explosive political and social environment which award-winning Norwegian author Jo Nesbo develops into a thriller full of hatred, violence, and mayhem.  Creating parallel narratives, Nesbo alternates the battles and interactions of Norwegian soldiers on the Eastern Front, with the everyday battles of Inspector Harry Hole to preserve order in Oslo against those who sincerely believe that “In His wisdom God so ordained it that an inferior creature is never happier than when serving and obeying a superior creature.”  All who believe this creed, of course, consider themselves the “superior creatures,” and they therefore feel no compunction about twisting or ignoring the law to suit their own “superior” ends, believing that they obey a higher law.

Creating lively characters from the two different chronologies, Nesbo creates an almost infinite series of vibrant, interconnected mysteries.  Five repeating characters from the war—Gudbrand Johansen, Daniel Gudeson, Sindre Fauke, Edvard Mosken, and Hallgrim Dale share their stories and their tragedies as they try to decide whether to take a chance on abandoning their commitments to a losing cause by going over to the Russians, sticking it out, or trying to get to France or the Allies.  Some of them have the help of women they love, and they are spurred on by the starvation, the bitter cold, and lack of supplies.   Most are still alive in Norway in 1999, when the novel opens, and they are full of resentments, angry at the direction they see the country taking, and close enough to death that they have little to lose in obeying their desire to justify their lives in a final act or acts.

Inspector Harry Hole, who is further developed in the novel which succeeds this, NEMESIS, is an alcoholic loner who is his own worst enemy.  His partner, Ellen Gjelten has been his lifesaver and has brought him back from the verge of disaster more than once.  Though Hole is transferred among different police organizations in the course of his investigations, the police characters with whom he interacts are clearly differentiated, and some of them are sleazy enough that the reader actually hopes for their defeat.  When a rare Marklin rifle is used in several shootings, Hole takes note and begins his search for the killer, dealing with elements of the international arms markets, which further complicates the mystery.

Nesbo creates some of the most intricate, carefully plotted thrillers ever written.  In my review of NEMESIS, which follows this novel, chronologically, I described the plot as like the most fiendish of sudoku puzzles, and that is the way this book feels, too.  Every detail is connected by the end of the five hundred twenty pages of this book, but the reader gets a non-stop intellectual workout keeping track of the ins and outs of the characters, their problems, and their potential enemies, and the conclusion challenges everything the reader remembers as it ties up the loose ends.  Those who, like me, discovered Nemesis before discovering The Redbreast, will thrill at discovering that this novel is at least as good, and, according to the book clubs of Norway, even better. And, best of all, it explains some of the relationships which are further developed in Nemesis.

Notes:  Also reviewed here:  Nesbo’s  NEMESIS,   THE DEVIL’S STAR ,   THE REDEEMERTHE SNOWMAN,     HEADHUNTERS,      THE LEOPARD,      PHANTOM,      THE BAT, POLICE,      COCKROACHES (1998),      THE SON (2014),     BLOOD ON SNOW (2015),     MIDNIGHT SUN (2016),     THE THIRST (2017),     KNIFE (2019)

 

The author’s photo appears on: http://en.wikipedia.org

The recruitment poster for the German army after the occupation of Norway appears on http://www.frontkjemper.com/

This astonishing photo shows President Quisling greeting Norwegian officers fighting with the Germans on the Leningrad front in 1942.  This photo also found on http://www.frontkjemper.com/

THE REDBREAST
REVIEW. Historical, World War II, Norway. Mystery, Thriller, Noir, Nordic Noir
Written by: Jo Nesbo
Published by: Harper; Reprint edition (August 30, 2011)
Date Published: 08/30/2011
Edition: Harry Hole series, #3
ISBN: 978-0062068422
Available in: Ebook Paperback Hardcover

“Love is such a very French elan that there are some who view it as a national invention.  While I would not go that far, I do acknowledge that there is a genius for love in the language. It might be said that Rinri and I had each contracted the typical inclination of the other’s language: dizzy with the novelty of it, he played at love, and I delighted in koi.  Which all goes to show how admirably open we were to each other’s culture.”

Acclaimed Belgian author Amelie Nothomb reminisces in this novel about her life in Japan in 1989.  She was twenty-one that year, a recent college graduate seeking her emotional roots, and she had just returned to Japan, where she was born and lived with her diplomat parents for the first five years of her life.  To earn some money while she studies business, she posts an advertisement offering language classes in French.  She is immediately hired by Rinri, a twenty-year-old college student whose French is at the beginner level, despite several years of teaching by Japanese teachers.  Before long, their teacher-student relationship becomes more intimate, and Amelie is learning more about Japanese culture than she ever expected.

Perceptively analyzing the communication problems faced by Amelie and Rinri because of their different cultures, the novel warmly and humorously explores their relationship, never taking the differences too seriously despite the confusions that sometime arise between them and with the outside world.  When they first become acquainted, for example, she, as his teacher, refers to him as “vous,” instead of by the familiar “tu,” and Rinri is hurt because he wants a more intimate relationship.  Amelie, in turn, is embarrassed, and even at a loss, when he insists on giving her a sealed envelope containing her teaching fee, even when they have just been out socializing with friends.

When she meets with him and some of his friends whom she has not met before, she knows that “the weather, an ideal topic for people who have nothing to say to each other, is the primary and obligatory topic of conversation in Japan.  To meet someone and fail to talk about the weather is to betray a lack of manners,” yet she persists in trying to get to know them better and to find a subject of common interest for conversation, even though she may be intrusive.

Soon, however, Amelie and Rinri are spending time in the elaborate “concrete chateau” belonging to his wealthy parents while they are away.  They spend a month living in the “technological marvel of an apartment” belonging to one of Amelie’s friends, and they visit scenic local places that attract lovers throughout the country.  She eats quail eggs and sea urchins;  he eats salami with mayonnaise.  Rinri makes Amelie happy, and she genuinely likes him;  he, however, is truly “in love.”

Mount Fuji

As one calendar year passes in the lives of these two young characters, the author incorporates other aspects of the culture into the novel—the educational system with its exams for pre-school, its hierarchy of colleges from the most elite to “train station universities,” and its lax requirements regarding attendance and assignments.  “From the age of three to the age of eighteen, the Japanese study as though possessed.  From the age of twenty-five until they retire, they work like maniacs.  From the age of eighteen to the age of twenty-five, they are only too aware that they have been granted a unique interval: this is their chance to blossom.  Even those who have passed the formidable entrance exam to one of the eleven serious universities can breathe for a while: only the initial selection process is truly important.”  Family relationships, friendships, and leisure activities are also explored.

Sado Island, which Amelie visits with Rinri

Written as a diary by a woman who has gone on to become a popular writer with a wide audience in Europe and Japan, the novel is simple, light reading, but it contains important observations about the minefields of cultural misunderstanding that sometimes arise between even the most committed lovers.  The relationship itself becomes the plot, and as it evolves, the author is especially careful to avoid making value judgments about either of the cultures as she explores complex issues of the heart.

Rinri, a well developed character, evokes sympathy, but the author offers fewer insights into her own behavior, which is often selfish and, some may feel, even dishonest.  Ironically, it is Rinri who is the more open of the two characters, despite his outwardly controlled and circumscribed life in Tokyo. Looking at the relationship in retrospect, Amelie seems to have written this story as a tribute to him, a way of honoring him for his integrity and whole-hearted commitment to love.  Easy to read and perceptive in its insights into the cultural aspects of love, Tokyo Fiancee is an honest portrait of a relationship between two lovers in their early twenties­—one Belgian and one Japanese—both of whom find they have much to learn.

Notes: The author’s photo appears on http://www.quillp.com

Mount Fuji, which Amelie climbs during one of her getaways.  http://www.destination360.com

A view from Sado Island, which she visits with Rinri:  http://www.tripadvisor.com

“When we read under our breath, we produce the sound of the letters at an inaudible frequency.  But the sound is still there.  The voice is present, it is never missing.  It follows the line just as an instrument follows a sheet of music, and I can assure you it’s just as essential as the eyes.  It creates a tone, a melody that flows through words and phrases, so that if you add real music at a soft volume, deep inside the ear a harmonic counterpoint is created between one’s own voice and the music from the speakers.”

This short, literary novel explores themes which academicians have discussed for generations–the relationship between language and reality, the belief that creating a library is akin to creating a life, the idea that books can take on a life of their own, and the obsessive collection of books and reverence for them.  Creating an allegory of the literary world and its complications, author Carlos Dominguez tells what appears to be a simple story–part mystery, part satire, and part quest.

When Bluma Lennon, a professor at Cambridge and a Joseph Conrad scholar, is hit by a car while crossing the street, she had been reading Emily Dickinson.  Several months later, a copy of Conrad’s The Shadow Line, coated in cement, arrives at her former address from “Carlos,” a man she had met at a conference in Latin America.  The unnamed narrator of the story, originally from Buenos Aires (where Jorge Luis Borges lived), returns to Buenos Aires and eventually travels to Montevideo in search of Carlos Brauer, a former lover of Bluma, and the owner of an extraordinary collection of books.

As the narrator travels to meet scholars and antiquarian book sellers, he acquires additional information about Brauer, who has apparently gone mad.  After accidentally setting the index of his books on fire and being unable to find anything in his weirdly organized collection, he moves to the seashore and builds a house from bricks pressed from the waterlogged books in his collection.  Conrad’s The Shadow Line, which he has returned to Bluma, is obviously from this damaged collection, and the symbolism of this book and its themes of a man’s rejection of his youthful illusions, the belief in the sea as a healer, and the search for self-knowledge help explain Brauer’s life.

Though the novel is carefully written, its self-consciously literary approach and its use of allegory and satire keep the “reality” of the plot at arm’s length.  The themes dominate the novel, and the reader must constantly ask what the unfolding events mean or represent as the parallels and conflicts between real life and the life of books unfold.  Characters are more symbolic than real, and their behavior often becomes a satire of their academic lives.  Erudite and clever, the novel exists on its own terms, rather than through any direct connection with the reader.

Notes:  Born in Argentina, the author has lived in Uruguay for many years.  His photo appears on http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk

THE HOUSE OF PAPER
Review. Uruguay, Experimental Fiction, Humor, Satire, Absurdity, Literary, Mystery, Thriller, Noir, Argentina
Written by: Carlos Maria Dominguez
Published by: Harcourt
ISBN: 978-0151011476
Available in: Hardcover

“My weekly column was called “Vivir en el Sur” and it was about “the strangeness of living in [South America] after so many years in the North” (the mediocre libraries, the strikes, the smell of nicotine on clothes after a night out at a bar or club, the fact that I smoked or that I arrived late here, while everything was the opposite there). I wanted to be witty, but it was hard not to sound frivolous. It was obvious I was lost, distracted.”

Pedro Zabalaga, with a freshly minted PhD from Cal Berkeley, is a professor of Latin American Studies at the University of Madison (New York), a young man much in demand by American magazines as a commentator on the political situation in South America, and Bolivia, in particular. Pedro is the son of Bolivian hero Pedro Reissig, one of six men massacred by the army as their socialist cell was meeting to plan the overthrow of President Montenegro. Reissig died in the 1970s, when his son was still a small child, and the only legacy young Pedro has is a book his father has written entitled Berkeley. This he regards as “a long letter from Dad to me. By discovering the message he had hidden in the book, I would discover him…”

Pedro Reissig, the father, had, like his son, studied for his PhD at Berkeley, where he became politically active, and where he also wrote a novel, still a cult favorite, filled with symbols. In order to find out more about his father and the myth that has grown up around him, young Pedro has returned to Rio Fugitivo in Bolivia, having been granted a one-semester research sabbatical by his university, and he is staying with his Uncle David Reissig, the only one of the seven people at the meeting to have survived the massacre. Now an alcoholic, David is a man who writes cryptograms and dreams of inventing a radio that will capture the voices of the dead.  In his spare time he works at identifying the many symbols that fill Berkeley.

The political use of the media is a theme which appears again and again throughout this novel. Not only is it one of Pedro Reissig’s themes in Berkeley, but it is also a concern of Pedro Zabalaga, his son, whose magazine articles about the political situation in Latin America are more accurately his visceral reactions to events and what he knows from his life there than they are a result of serious academic research. Magazines have quickly recognized that Pedro’s writing communicates differently from academic writing through its appeal to the reader’s emotions.

Shortly after he returns to Rio Fugitivo, Pedro Zabalaga is asked to evaluate the memoirs of Jaime Villa, the drug kingpin of Bolivia, who is awaiting extradition to the United States, a man who was once his father’s close friend and who sees himself as a Robin Hood-like hero. Several of the revolutionaries Pedro Zabalaga befriends in Rio Fugitivo are also involved in the media, one of them working for a television station. A popular contemporary rock band, named “Berkeley,” conveys revolutionary messages through its videos. In one of the book’s cleverest ironies, the author of this novel himself employs the clues of Uncle David’s cryptograms as a way of conveying the history of the revolution to readers of this book.

The mystery of Pedro Reissig occupies much of the novel—Who is he? Who betrayed the group to the army? What does his novel Berkeley mean? What is the secret message? Who do the novel’s characters represent in real life? As the answers to these questions change with each of the main character’s new discoveries, the reader is kept in suspenseful anticipation. The ending is stunning.

Bolovian author Edmundo Paz Soldan is a fascinating “new” writer whose descriptions of people, their actions, and their politics are insightful and enlightening.  His sensitivity to the contrasts between life in Bolivia and life in upstate New York is striking, and his ability to create not one, but two less than admirable “heroes” both of whom, nevertheless, keep the reader interested in their fates, is daunting. The tight construction, despite the constant changes in time and setting from Rio Fugitivo to Madison, NY, and Berkeley, along with the consistent thematic development, make this a novel which conveys a message without sacrificing the literary qualities which make novels and their characters come alive.

Notes: Also reviewed here:  Paz Soldan’s TURING’S DELIRIUM     and   NORTE

The author’s photo appears on http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/oct08/pazsoldan.gl.html

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