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“For people like me, the Internet is the shipwreck as well as the life raft: you drown in the tracking game, in the expectation, you can’t grieve for a relationship, however dead it may be, and at the same time you’re hovering above it in a virtual world clinging to fake information that pops up all over the Web, and instead of falling apart you go online. If only for that little green light that tells you the other person’s online.”—Claire Millecam, fifty-year-old college professor.

cover who you think i amIn one of the wildest, most creative, and surprising literary novels of the year, French author Camille Laurens plays with reality and virtual reality on all levels and involves the engaged reader in the action as it occurs. The novel opens with a mysterious two-page Prologue, written in stream-of-consciousness style, purportedly an audio recording of a deposition from the Police Headquarters archives of a city in France. The woman being deposed claims to be an academic who has published articles and has a background in women’s issues and history, but she is also overwrought, frustrated when the interviewer stops to talk with a student who has entered the room. Her stream of consciousness raving has no context for the reader just beginning the novel (though it makes sense when re-read after the conclusion). She is now angry because, among other issues, “A real newspaper, a serious daily,” has reported that “it’s pathetic that aged 50 Madonna still wants to be someone.” The speaker then goes off on her own tangent about how there is “no point being young if you’re not pretty and no point being pretty if you’re not young. Men mature, woman age. A man in the twilight of his life is a handsome thing,” she says. “A woman’s just sad…” People just want her to go die someplace, she believes.

author photo

The opening chapters of the book itself begin with interviews between Claire Millecam and Dr. Marc B., as Claire reveals her academic background and her experience in the theatre, where her former husband was/is a director. Though Dr. Marc B. is new to her, she has been “here” for two and a half years, for reasons unknown, and she, now almost fifty, tells him that “it’s his job to resuscitate me, to rewire my circuits, get the machine working again and basically reinstate me.” She suspects that the doctor wants her to talk about “Christophe, the corpus delicti or rather the corpus so delectable he broke my heart.” Chris, she tells him, began as the roommate and Facebook friend of Joe, her former lover, who won’t “Friend” people he does not know – or has formerly loved. She has therefore decided to be Chris’s Facebook friend in order to find out from him what is now happening with Joe. Setting up a new Facebook account under the fictional name of Claire Antunes (because she admires author Antonio Lobo Antunes), she uses a photo of a 24-year-old family member and befriends Chris, who is thirty-six. Her experience in a writing workshop at her residence, run by a teacher named Camille, helps her create a character for Claire Antunes and allows her to live within that persona while she is on Facebook.

patti smith because the night

As a Facebook relationship between alterego Claire Antunes and Chris evolves, Claire Millecam soon finds herself spending most of her time on-line, and inevitably she falls in love with her Facebook friend Chris, who reciprocates her feelings. She is understandably fearful, however, that if Chris ever sees her, a fifty-year-old woman who has misled him, not an innocent twenty-four-year-old, that he will be repulsed. Gradually, the past unfolds for all the characters – Chris and his history; Katia, the woman whose picture Claire Millecam has used for Claire Antunes’s Facebook page; and Claire Millecam herself. At one point Chris posts a video of Patti Smith singing “Because the Night Belongs to Lovers,” describing love as “an angel disguised as lust,” a description that saddens Claire because “if love’s an angel, then it’s sexless.” Claire’s response is to post a song on Youtube by Catherine Ribeiro, in which Ribeiro sings “So this is my distress/ This is the truth that’s hurting me/I never had an address/Nothing but a fake ID.”

Chris loves the Citroen DS Special he drives.

Chris loves the Citroen DS Special he drives.

With these characters and their complicated relationships, psychological issues, and motivations established, author Camille Laurens then lets them “live their lives,” expanding her themes and the complexity of her plot, involving the reader and raising questions about what is real and what is contrived about their lives as the characters themselves see them, and what is real and what is created on a different level by the author for purposes of plot. Real life, as understood by the reader; the fictional reality of the characters in the story; and virtual reality all come together as the novel continues its themes. The author’s presentation of new first-person points of view throughout the novel encourage the reader to form still more new conclusions about the present and past of the characters as their interior action unfolds.

Cap Blanc Nez, where the conclusion plays out. Photo by Hans Hillewaert

Cap Blanc Nez, where the conclusion plays out. Photo by Hans Hillewaert

The title of the novel gives clues to the author’s intention and goes a long way toward the overall understanding of the novel’s focus. The novel might have been called “Who I Am,” rather than “Who You Think I am, but the first title suggests a main character who is confident and plans to illustrate for the reader how s/he thinks, what s/he believes, and what s/he plans to do in the future, a traditional point of view for a psychological novel like this one. In this case, however, the main character is floundering, and this title would not be appropriate. “Who You Think I Am,” on the other hand, recognizes the changing landscape of the novel for the reader, based on what the author reveals at different points in the narrative. Here the reader, the “you” of the title, participates in the story, developing his/her own knowledge of the characters and action and drawing his/her own conclusions through the author’s carefully ordered revelations.  As new connections change the reader’s perceptions, the author is freed to present surprises, taking the novel in even more new directions and leading to a rousing conclusion. “Who You Think I Am,” with its careful pacing, created for me a kind of exhilaration rare in fiction, a feeling of participating more fully in the lives of the characters by willingly succumbing to the unknown and trusting the author to do what she does so well here – tell the story. High on my list of Favorites for the year.

Also reviewed here:  LITTLE DANCER, AGED FOURTEEN

Photos, in order:  The author’s photo appears on http://www.parismatch.com/

Chris shows a video of the Patti Smith recording, “Because the Night,” on his Facebook page to show his love for Claire.  She takes exceptions to it.  http://hitparade.ch/

Chris loves the Citroen DS Special (1970s) he drives.  https://www.baccarathotels.com

Cap Blanc Nez in northern France features strongly in the conclusion:  https://commons.wikimedia.org  Photo by Hans Hillewaert.

WHO YOU THINK I AM
REVIEW. Experimental, France, Literary, Psychological study
Written by: Camille Laurens
Published by: Other Press
Date Published: 03/28/2017
ISBN: 978-1590518328
Available in: Ebook Paperback

“A strong positive response to [Edward] Hopper’s paintings is by no means uncommon, in America and throughout the world. But I’ve come to believe that it’s singularly strong among readers and writers…those of us who care deeply for stories…It’s not because of the stories his paintings tell….[They] don’t tell stories…They suggest – powerfully, irresistibly – that there are stories within them, waiting to be told…It’s our task to find [them] for ourselves.” – Lawrence Block, editor/writer for this collection.

cover block sunlight shadowIn a book that will delight lovers of stories and art, Lawrence Block, editor and writer, presents stories written by himself and sixteen other authors in response to seventeen paintings by American artist Edward Hopper (1882 – 1967). Most of Hopper’s paintings are quiet, with little, if any, action and few, if any, characters. The overall mood for most of Hopper’s paintings is bleak, and his characters appear to be lonely, immersed in their own thoughts, and alienated from society. Though Hopper specializes in the play of sunlight and shadow (hence, the title of the book), he does so with dramatic effect, and most of his major paintings show isolated characters dealing with the darkness, the light being just beyond them. All of the seventeen writers who have contributed a short story to illustrate a Hopper painting clearly catch the mood of depression and withdrawal which seems to characterize so many of these paintings, and anyone familiar with the work of these writers, most of whom are mystery writers, should also know what to expect: Only two writers create stories that can be said to have even slightly “happy” endings, and one of those occurs on a deathbed.

Lawrence Block, editor/writer for this collection

Lawrence Block, editor/writer for this collection

Most of the stories involve murders, the contemplation of murder, or other crimes. Robert Olen Butler, Lee Child, Michael Connelly, Jeffery Deaver, Stephen King, and Lawrence Block, among others, are well known for the dark views of life they show in their fiction and have long careers in detailing the crimes that isolation can spawn. Even Joyce Carol Oates, not a mystery writer, creates a dark story of a woman waiting for a lover who is late and the unhealthy thoughts that go through her mind as she waits with scissors hidden under the cushion of her chair. And though the plots paired with these paintings differ widely in their details, the darkness prevails throughout all, creating a perfect melding of paintings with the authors who use them as inspiration for their stories.

"Hotel Lobby," 1943, by Edward Hopper

“Hotel Lobby,” 1943, by Edward Hopper

“Soir Bleu,” an early painting (1914) with seven characters sitting around an outdoor table in France, by far the greatest number of characters seen in any Hopper painting, inspires Robert Olen Butler to tell a story in which an artist, Vachon, is hoping to sell one or more paintings to a person he sits with at the table. The prostitute standing beside the table, whom he knows, wants to help him. Also sitting at the table is Pierrot, the clown, whom Vachon believes he has seen many years before, a twist which brings about a dramatic conclusion. In “The Truth About What Happened,” a clever story by Lee Child, featuring the 1943 painting “Hotel Lobby,” the main character is an FBI special agent working undercover on security for the Manhattan Project. His boss, a “Mr. Hopper,” is directing him as he investigates an elderly man who works for the project to see if he could be blackmailed by the enemy. In a humorous touch, Hopper and the agent decide to set up a meeting with the old man, a kind of intervention, using a hotel lobby at night, one identical to that of the painting.

"Room in New York," 1932, by Edward Hopper

“Room in New York,” 1932, by Edward Hopper

Stephen King’s “The Music Room,” inspired by Hopper’s “Room in New York,” 1932, features a painting in which Mr. Enderby, a formally dressed man, minus a jacket, is reading the newspaper at a table, while his bored wife is playing the piano, one-fingered, a seemingly harmless couple and setting. Gradually, the reader realizes that something is amiss, and as Enderby concentrates on the newspaper and discusses what is happening in the various comic strips in the paper, Mrs. Enderby begins to play popular music on the piano. Soon Stephen King’s trademark dark wit appears, with details I will forever remember whenever I see this painting. In Michael Connelly’s “Nighthawks,” based on Hopper’s most famous painting of the same name, his famed private detective Bosch meets a young woman at the Art Institute of Chicago, where she is studying and taking notes on the Hopper painting. Bosch has been hired by a movie producer, his client, to find a young woman who ran away eight years ago. As always, Bosch stays true to himself and to what it right but at the cost of feeling like a man sitting alone at the café counter with the other nighthawks.

"City Roofs," 1932, by Edward Hopper

“City Roofs,” 1932, by Edward Hopper

One of the most interesting stories comes from Gail Levin, whose credentials as the foremost expert on Edward Hopper are unparalleled. From 1976 – 1984, she was curator at the Whitney Museum of American Art, where she created landmark exhibitions of the world of Edward Hopper. She has also written several books and many articles on his work. In “The Preacher Collects,” her first published piece of fiction, she is inspired by the painting “City Roofs,” 1932, a painting of light and shadow – and no people. Writing from the point of view of Arthayer R. Sanborn, said to be a graduate of Gordon College in Wenham, Massachusetts, and Andover Newton Theological Seminary in Newton, Levin creates a character who is said to have served in Baptist churches in Massachusetts and Rhode Island before going to Nyack, New York, the town where Edward Hopper grew up, and where his family remained when he claimed New York City as his home. There Sanborn meets Marion Louise Hopper, only sibling of Edward Hopper. When the elderly Marion becomes ill, Edward comes back reluctantly to help her out, and his wife Jo stays for a while, but ultimately Marion becomes increasingly dependent on the church and its preacher.  Levin’s depiction of the relationships between Hopper and his wife and between Hopper and his sister are fascinating in this story, but what becomes overwhelmingly clear is that during Marion’s illness and after Hopper’s death, Hopper’s estate is plundered. Here the details are so specific it is difficult to imagine that they are not true, but this is fiction, and how much is really true and how much is invented remains to be discovered. For anyone who loves stories and art, especially that of Edward Hopper, this book will provide more hours of fun than anything you may have read in ages.

night hawks

“Night Hawks,” 1942.

Photos, in order:   The author’s photo appears on http://threeroomspress.com/authors/darkcitylights/

Lee Child’s story, “The Truth about What Happened,” was inspired by Hopper’s “Hotel Lobby,” 1943. https://en.wikipedia.org/

Stephen King’s “The Music Room,” evolved from Hopper’s “Room in New York,” 1932.  http://www.sheldonartmuseum.org

Gail Levin’s “The Preacher Collects,” took its inspiration from Hopper’s  “City Roofs,” 1932.  https://brunch.co.kr

Michael Connelly’s “Night Hawks,” was inspired by Hopper’s most famous painting of the same name from 1942. https://en.wikipedia.org/

IN SUNLIGHT AND IN SHADOW: Stories Inspired by the Paintings of Edward Hopper
REVIEW. Reviews, Book Club Suggestions, Historical, Literary, Short Stories, United States, Art, Edward Hopper
Written by: Lawrence Block, editor
Published by: Picador
Date Published: 12/06/2016
ISBN: 978-1681772455
Available in: Ebook Hardcover

Note: Icelandic author Arnaldur Indridasson was WINNER of the Crime Writers’ Association Gold Dagger Award for Silence of the Grave and is twice the WINNER of the Glass Key Award for Best Nordic Crime Novel two years in a row, for Jar City and Silence of the Grave.

“What interests me most are stories about survivors…people who escape with their lives from dangerous situations in the Icelandic wilderness. How do they cope? Why do some live while others don’t, though the circumstances are similar? Why do some get into trouble and others not? ….[And I wonder about] the people left behind, left to struggle with the questions raised by the events…those left behind to cope with the grief and loss.”—Erlendur, detective with the State Criminal Investigation Department, Iceland.

cover into oblivionIf it sounds strange for the publisher to refer to this novel by Icelandic author Arnaldur Indridason as the “sequel to the prequel,” that is because the novels in this series featuring Detective Erlendur have not been published in chronological order. The first novel to be published in English, Jar City (2000) was actually the third novel in the series, and eight more novels have been published since then. Several of these books refer to a traumatic event in Erlendur’s childhood involving him, his father, and his much-loved brother, and the author and publisher are now providing more background information about Erlendur’s early years to fill in and develop more about his youthful experiences in an effort to explain his current psychological makeup and his dark vision of the world.

author photo

The recently released “prequel” to the series, Reykjavik Nights (2012), features Erlendur in his twenties, and the reader learns about his eventual marriage and the birth of his two children. Into Oblivion, the just released “sequel to this prequel,” takes place shortly after that in time – in 1979 – and the reader learns that Erlendur is now divorced, his children not a factor in the novel. The third novel, Jar City, released in 2000, is set twenty years later, with Erlendur in his late forties, leaving a twenty-year gap between Into Oblivion and its chronological successor, Jar City.

huge hangar,Set in Keflavik and its environs, Into Oblivion begins with an atmospheric description of a fierce wind blowing across the moors, “hurling itself against the mighty walls” of an aircraft hangar standing on the highest ground. One of the largest structures in Iceland, it is as tall as an eight-story building, can accommodate the wingspan of the world’s largest aircraft, and serves as the operational hub of the US Air Force and its fleet of spy planes. A man suddenly falls the eight stories from the scaffolding tower inside the hangar. In a shift of scene, a young woman with severe skin problems is soaking in a warm spring on the moors, hoping that the mineral-rich mud will help her conquer her painful ski condition. Suddenly, she sees a shoe, and then finds it connected to a body. The police enter the case and discover that the body has more broken bones than anyone can recall ever seeing, consistent with a fall from great height which no one has reported. Eventually, the site of the death is determined to be the hangar on the US military base.

Hot spring and mud area to the south of Reykjavik. Photo by Keller Istvan

Hot springs and mud, to the south of Reykjavik. Photo by Keller Istvan

The investigation of this death is complex. Several different agencies – the US military, the Icelandic police, and the political system of Iceland – all become involved. Cold war tensions in Iceland between those who support the US and its military presence and those who want the US gone from the country add to the difficulties. No one knows exactly what the US is doing on its secret missions between Iceland and Greenland, and no one is talking. Nor are people talking about the nature of the supplies going in and out of the country in large cargo planes. While Erlendur is helping on this slowly developing investigation, he is also researching an event from twenty-five years ago, in which a young schoolgirl disappeared, with no resolution of her case. Her aunt is hoping that the disappearance will eventually be solved, and Erlendur, who becomes obsessed with this story, begins to investigate the girl’s disappearance on his own time.

C-130 Hercules cargo plane, similar to the one on which Kristvin had been working.

C-130 Hercules cargo plane, similar to the one on which Kristvin had been working.

The novel’s slow evolution establishes the identities of the characters and their interrelationships in the first hundred or so pages and sets up some of the complications. Over fifteen more characters are introduced after that, however, and without keeping a character list to remember some of the minor characters, it would be difficult to keep track of who is who, as they lack the individualization which makes characters “live.” The novel also lacks the sudden violence for which Indridason is usually noted, thereby shifting the burden of the action to the characters and their interactions, and these are not especially memorable. The girl with the skin problems, for example, stirs great empathy at the beginning, then virtually disappears. The more limited scope and conversational tone makes the novel feel, at times, like a domestic drama, rather than the dark, hard-edged noir for which Indridason is so famous, and the two parallel plots – involving the man who has fallen from the scaffolding and the young girl who disappeared twenty-five years before – are not equally compelling.

A 1948 Chevy Deluxe, which plays a feature role in the conclusion.

A 1948 Chevy Deluxe, which plays a feature role in the conclusion.

Fans of Indridason will probably read and enjoy the novel because it provides a picture of Erlendur’s life in his twenties, but it felt to me more like a marking of time than a significant expansion of our understanding of Erlendur. Little new information is revealed about him, and with a twenty year gap existing between this novel and its successor, Jar City, a huge gap still exists between what we know of Erlendur in his twenties and what we may still need to know to understand him in his forties. Fortunately, the conclusion, though not unexpected in terms of its plot detail, does come through with some of Indridason’s trademark noir spirit, leaving the reader with a sense of resolution despite what I felt was the novel’s disappointing lack of energy.

ALSO by Indridason:  JAR CITY (2000),       VOICES (2003),     THE DRAINING LAKE (2004),     HYPOTHERMIA (2007),     OUTRAGE (2008),    REYKJAVIK NIGHTS (2012)

Not part of the Erlendur series:  OPERATION NAPOLEON (1999)

Photos, in order:  The author’s photo appears on  https://pl.wikipedia.org

The aircraft hangar in which Kristvin was found may have looked like this one:  https://www.nasa.gov/

The Midnesheidi Moor to the south of Reykjavik is filled with hot springs and “mud pots.” http://vilagutazo.blog.hu/   Photo by Keller Istvan.

The huge C-130 Hercules cargo plane is used to transport enormous cargoes.  http://mazuryairshow.pl

The 1948 Chevy Deluxe Fleetline plays a role in the dramatic conclusion of this novel:  https://hiveminer.com/Tags/1949,fleetline

INTO OBLIVION
REVIEW. Iceland, Mystery, Thriller, Noir, Nordic Noir, Social and Political Issues
Written by: Arnaldur Indridason
Published by: Picador
Date Published: 02/07/2017
ISBN: 978-1250111432
Available in: Ebook Paperback

Domenico Starnone–TIES

Note:  This novel was chosen one of the New York Times Notable Books for 2017.

“The title of this novel, in Italian, is Lacci, which means shoelaces. We see them on the cover, thanks to an illustration the author chose himself. A person, presumably a man, wears a pair of shoes whose laces are tied together. It is a knot that will surely trip him up, that will get him nowhere. We don’t see the expression on the man’s face, in fact we see very little of his body. And yet we fear for him, feel a little sorry for him, perhaps laugh at him, given that he already seems to be in the act of falling on his face.”—From the Introduction by Jhumpa Lahiri, a Pulitzer Prize-winning author in her own right, and the translator of this novel.

cover ties

As translator Jhumpa Lahiri also explains, shoelaces are ties, and ties are connections, and this novel illustrates the connections – and disconnections – among a four people in one family, and one cat. The plot is not complicated. Aldo Minori, a college professor married to Vanda, has been unfaithful, leaving Vanda and his two children, Anna and Sandro, at home in Naples while he has gone off with a nineteen-year-old girl with whom he, age thirty-four, now believes he is experiencing real love for the first time. Vanda has not heard from him in six days, and he has been living apart from her for two months. In a scathing letter to him, she mocks him for not answering her last letter and her phone calls to him at the university in Rome where he teaches. Appealing to his emotions and his love for the children, she “pushes buttons” in an effort to make him feel guilty and plays the “woman card,” emphasizing that she is afraid. The house is isolated and she fears that she will be robbed of the television and record player. She wonders if someone angry with him might kill her and the two children in their sleep for revenge. Then she warns: “Don’t make me lose my patience, Aldo, be careful. If I start to lose it, I’ll make you pay.”

domenico-starnone_R439_thumb400x275

As her list of his failings goes on, in what appears to be the same letter, the reader discovers that Vanda has also had a conversation with Lidia, the new lover, and that Vanda and the family have moved to a less expensive apartment.   Time has passed, and as time continues to pass, and her “letter” to Aldo continues over the space of three years, Vanda takes action against him to end his relationship with his children, who, she believes, have not mattered to him during their three year separation. At the end of this first section, four years have passed. Vanda now has a steady job, and son Sandro is thirteen and Anna is nine. In a recent letter to Vanda, Aldo has apparently written to ask if he may see the children, with whom he wants to establish a relationship.   His own relationship with his parents was tainted by his father’s infidelity, and he realizes that he does not want his children to have the problems that he has had. The children agree to see him. Vanda is not pleased.

Translator Jhumpa Lahiri. Photo by Lianna Miuccio

Translator Jhumpa Lahiri.

Part II surprises by jumping forward about forty years and bringing the reader up to date on the lives of Vanda, Aldo, and the children as senior  and middle-aged citizens. In this longest section of the book, told from the point of view of Aldo, the relationship and the ties among the family members become even more complex, and in some cases permanently damaged, as a result of the much earlier separation between Aldo and Vanda. The now-adult children reveal their problems with both Aldo and Vanda. At the same time, these adult children also have problems with each other, showing in detail the myriad ties and resentments and their effects upon the members of this family. Part III, told through a section of dialogue between Anna and Sandro as they discuss their own lives and responsibilities as adult members of a whole new generation, ties up the themes and motifs throughout the book. Even the family cat does not escape. We are all connected, the author is saying, and though we can try to put aspects of our past and our present into “boxes” for safety, our ability to keep those boxes closed and “tied” depends on our emotional health and determination.

As Sandro and Anna remember their first meeting with their father after several years of absence, Anna recalls that he took them to a place in Piazza Carlo III. Sandro says this memory is wrong.

As Sandro and Anna remember their first meeting with their father after several years of absence, Anna recalls that he took them to a place in Piazza Carlo III. Sandro says this memory is wrong.

Additional themes are concerned with aging, with making commitments, with planning for the future (as opposed to living for the moment), with how we define love and its connection to freedom, and with our search for contentment and whether it can be construed as a kind of love, adding density to the themes. Even the relationship between parents and children and how those are tied by a complex relationship that involves elements of both love and obligation are illustrated here. Though this novel is short, it feels much longer and much broader, without becoming tedious or overtly allegorical. Starnone, aided by his sensitive translator, makes every word count in this domestic novel of big ideas, and he keeps the story intriguing at the same time.

Piazza Dante Alighieri, where Sandro says their mother took them to meet their father. Two different memories of the same event. Photo by stefanomolinari.com

Piazza Dante Alighieri, where Sandro says their mother took them to meet their father, is a different memory from what Anna has of the same event. Photo by stefanomolinari.com

And speaking of ties.  It is impossible, at this point, to avoid some commentary here about this novel and author, and the reclusive author Elena Ferrante and her identity. Some critics have pointed out the similarity between the plot of this novel and that of Ferrante’s Days of Abandonment, published in 2005, seven years before the first of the four recent novels in the “Neapolitan Quartet.”  For several years, during the immense popularity of that new quartet, beginning with My Brilliant Friend, Starnone was posited, occasionally, as the “real” Elena Ferrante. Last year, a reporter traced real estate transactions and decided that the “real” Elena Ferrante was, in fact, Starnone’s wife, also a writer. I don’t know if any of that is true, and, frankly, I don’t care. As far as this book is concerned, I found it far more compressed than the Neapolitan quartet, of which I read and reviewed the first three novels. After reading more than twelve hundred pages devoted to the relationship between two Neapolitan women, their friends and associates, along with many pages of genealogies for the families, however, I decided I’d read enough about the lives these two women, and I did not read the last book in the series.

cover troubling loveI have long been intrigued by Ferrante’s Troubling Love (2006), a novel of only 139 pages, for the author’s ability to compress and condense, much as the author of this novel does, and I have been a bit disappointed at the popularity of the Neapolitan quartet, which, for me, has soap operatic qualities. This novel, Ties, feels much more like the earlier Troubling Love. I am not saying this as part of an argument, one way or the other, regarding the “ties,” if any, between Starnone and Ferrante. I do not care about that. I am just saying that I liked this novel better than the Neapolitan quartet because of its compression, and I look forward to his next novel, which I hope will be as concise and pertinent as this one.

ALSO by Starnone:  TRICK,    TRUST

Photos, in order:  The author’s photo appears on http://www.ilsussidiario.net

Translator Jhumpa Lahiri’s photo, by Lianna Miuccio, is from  http://www.vogue.com/ Lahiri is a Pulitzer Prize winner in her own right for her story collection, The Interpreter of Maladies.

Piazza Caffe Carlo III, where Anna remembers seeing her father for the first time after several years’ absence.   https://www.yelp.com

Piazza Dante Alighieri, where Sandro insists his father met them.  Both remember vividly the experience, but they do not agree about where it took place.  Photo by Stefano Molinari.  http://www.travelforpassion.com

TIES
REVIEW. Book Club Suggestions, Italy, Literary, Psychological study.
Written by: Domenico Starnone
Published by: Europa
Date Published: 03/07/2017
ISBN: 978-160945385
Available in: Ebook Paperback

Note: British author Andrew Miller was WINNER of the IMPAC Dublin Award, the biggest award in fiction, for Ingenious Pain in 1999. In 2001, Oxygen was SHORTLISTED for both the Booker Prize and the Whitbread Award, and in 2011, Pure was WINNER of the Costa Book of the Year Award.

“Early spring, the new millennium, a young woman walks backwards along the deck of a boat. She goes slowly, is bent almost double, holds in her left hand a ladle and in her right a pot of hot pitch. From the spout of the ladle she pours a thin ribbon of pitch into the seams where all yesterday she tapped in lengths of oakum with a mallet and bosun’s chisel. So it begins, simply, with work.” – opening paragraph of The Crossing.

cover the crossing 2

This opening paragraph about the maintenance of a boat seems informative and descriptive as it introduces Maud, who becomes the main character of this novel, yet, upon closer analysis, it should give a reader pause. What kind of woman could spend an entire day doing the arduous job of fixing the seams along the deck of a boat and then spend the next day sealing them all with pitch, without, apparently taking any breaks or turning the work into fun by listening to music, chatting with a friend, or, apparently, daydreaming? Though she is alone on deck, a young fellow student in the university’s sailing club, Tim Rathbone, is working below on the hull of the boat, dipping bolts into white lead. While he is singing and wondering if he and the girl will sleep together that night, she remains totally dedicated to her job. She does not “do banter, does not seem to understand what it is,” a characteristic he finds “funny and endearing.”

The valuable Lacote guitar, one of Tim Rathbone's treasures.

The valuable Lacote guitar, one of Tim Rathbone’s treasures.

Without warning, “there is a movement through the air, a blink of feathered shadow, that is also a movement across the surface of his eye like a thorn scratch,” and then, lying beside him, face up on the ground, her eyes shut, is the girl, Maud Stamp, “newly dead,” he thinks. By the time the ambulance arrives to take her for medical care, he is in shock himself, but the girl is still alive. After three days in hospital, she is released to his care, in lieu of her parents’ care. When he takes her to her apartment, he is surprised to see how different it is from the rooms of his sisters: Unlike them, Maud has no pictures on the walls, no decorations, dark brown furniture, and “a carpet of the kind intended to endure all insult.” Nothing personal is visible. Maud’s faculty advisor has confessed to Tim that she herself had to “teach [Maud] that she had a private life…something between work and sleep. Something discussable.” Tim, fascinated by Maud’s remoteness, bends to the task of caring for her and eventually begins to court her, introducing her to his own life, one of privilege and casual wealth, parties, and music, his own guitar-playing sometimes performed on his nearly priceless Lacote guitar.

Andrew Miller, one of Britain's most celebrated young authors.

Andrew Miller, one of Britain’s most celebrated young authors.

Because he tells the reader what he thinks, Tim seems to be the focus for the beginning of the novel, but Maud emerges as the primary interest in the middle part of the novel as British author Andrew Miller creates a unique novel, one which breaks all the “rules” of structure, character, and plot but still manages to engage and involve the reader. Miller, in fact, specializes in unique twists. In 1999, he won the IMPAC Dublin Award for his debut novel Ingenious Pain, in which the main character is unable to feel any pain. Oxygen, his second novel, manages to be both thrilling and exciting though the entire novel deals with death and the guilty feelings that the characters all feel regarding their lives. Pure, an historical novel set in pre-revolutionary France, is concerned with the removal of over fifty-thousand rotting corpses from a putrid cemetery in a heavily populated area of Paris, and yet it becomes inspiring in its revelations about the main character and the conditions that lead to revolutions. In The Crossing, Miller maintains the clean prose and stunning descriptions for which he has always been noted, but here he accomplishes the nearly impossible feat of keeping the main character herself a mystery for the entire novel, a person with seemingly no personality or observable feelings for other people and no commitment to those around her, a “heroine” who is in no way heroic.

The classic Nicholson 32 sailboat which Maud takes on a trip

The classic Nicholson 32 sailboat which Maud takes on a trip

To add to the complexity and the sense of distance from Maud, Miller illustrates her life in three sections, each told as a different genre. In the first part, a domestic drama, Maud and Tim eventually set up housekeeping in a small house near his parents, and she remains committed to her job doing medical research out of town while he works on a concerto at home. Years pass, and gradual changes occur in their lives. Then a horrific accident upsets their world. Maud’s response is to take the boat which she and Tim own, a Nicholson 32, and set out to sea. This middle part of the novel is an exciting adventure story of Maud against nature as she battles huge storms at sea while heading south in the Atlantic from England, emulating a heroine, Nicolette Milnes Walker, who became the first woman to sail, non-stop, alone, across the Atlantic in 1971. When Maud is due west of Senegal, she heads across the Atlantic toward Central and South America, fighting the weather, the damage to her boat, and her own injuries and lack of sleep all the way. The third separate section, takes place when Maud lands in an unknown country, presumably in South America, and is discovered by the remnants of a religious cult who, conveniently, speak both English and Spanish. Their religious rites involve snake-handling and illustrate an idealized symbolic and religious experiment in creating a new society.

Nicolette Milnes Walker, author of When I Put Out To Sea, was the first woman to sail non-stop across the Atlantic, heroine to Maude.

Nicolette Milnes Walker, author of When I Put Out To Sea, was the first woman to sail non-stop across the Atlantic, heroine to Maude.

In the course of the novel Maud remains almost totally self-absorbed, and at the climax in the conclusion, when characters traditionally recognize something important about life or themselves, the reader is left wondering about Maud’s final action and what that action means. Has Maud really learned something or changed? If so, what has she learned? Has she done what is “right,” either for herself or for the world around her, and how is that determined? This is, perhaps, Miller’s most daring novel, in that it challenges the very basis of one’s expectations regarding writing and novels. The three sections give a great deal of information about Maud, but since these come without including any revelations about what she herself feels, she appears to be more like a robot, an accumulation of details, rather than an adult with feelings and commitments. Nevertheless, we find her story exciting and involving, and this makes the reader wonder, suddenly, if Miller is suggesting that when reading and interpreting an author’s plot, we automatically interpret the action in terms of our own lives, experience, and values. Is my interpretation of Maud and what she will do at the end of the novel based on my own background and values? And is this the ideal regarding writing that Miller is aiming for?

Also by Andrew Miller:  INGENIOUS PAIN,       OXYGEN,      PURE,

Photos, in order The photo of the Lacote guitar is a still from this video:  https://www.youtube.com

The author’s photo appears on https://www.toppingbooks.co.uk/

The Nicholson 32 sailboat, which Maud takes across the Atlantic, is shown here:  http://www.yachtsnet.co.uk

When I Put Out to Sea by Nicolette Milnes Walker, the first woman to sail alone, non-stop, across the Atlantic is available on https://www.amazon.com/When-I-put-out-sea/dp/B003KDHKVG  Maud admires her.

THE CROSSING
REVIEW. Book Club Suggestions, England, Exploration, Literary, Psychological study
Written by: Andrew Miller
Published by: Europa
Date Published: 01/10/2017
ISBN: 978-1609453473
Available in: Ebook Paperback

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